Box tree moth confirmed in West Virginia

The West Virginia Department of Agriculture has confirmed the presence of the box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis) in Berkeley County, marking the first detection of the invasive pest in the state.

Native to East Asia, the box tree moth feeds primarily on boxwood plants (Buxus species).

Since its initial detection in North America near Lake Ontario in 2021, the pest has rapidly spread and is now confirmed in Delaware, Massachusetts, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and, as of 2025, West Virginia.

“This pest poses a serious threat to boxwood plants, which are foundational elements in many residential and commercial landscapes,” said Commissioner of Agriculture Kent Leonhardt. “Early detection is critical, and we’re asking homeowners and landscapers to keep an eye out and report any suspicious damage.”

Box tree moth larvae feed on the leaves and bark of boxwoods, potentially causing complete defoliation and plant death. The lime-green caterpillars are small and difficult to detect in early stages, often blending in with foliage. Infestations may not be noticeable until significant damage has occurred.

Signs of infestation include:

• Chewed or missing leaves
• Presence of small green caterpillars
• Webbing on or inside the plant
• Bark stripping in advanced stages

The pest can produce multiple generations per year, compounding the damage if left untreated.

If caught early, box tree moth can be effectively managed with treatment options such as Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, a naturally derived pesticide safe for use on boxwoods and available at many garden centers. Multiple insecticides labeled for box tree moth control may also be effective. Always read and follow all pesticide label instructions.

Residents who suspect their boxwoods may be affected by box tree moth can contact the West Virginia Department of Agriculture immediately for confirmation and treatment guidance at 304-558-2212 or bugbusters@wvda.us.